Umuthi wokuxubha wenziwa ngama-ejenti ayimpuphu wokuphikisana, ama-wetting agents, ama-surfactants, izinto zokunamathisela, izinongo, okokunandisa nezinye izithako ezikhethekile.

1. I-Friction agent ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukungqubuzana kuma-toothpaste afaka:

①I-calcium carbonate: Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-calcium carbonate: esindayo futhi elula. I-calcium carbonate enzima yenziwa ngokuchoboza, ukugaya nokucwenga i-limestone ne-calcite edwaleni. I-calcium calcium ekhanyayo ichitha usawoti we-calcium ku-hydrochloric acid bese yethula isikhutha ukuthola imvula ye-calcium carbonate. I-calcium calcium carbonate enezinhlayiya ezinhle kanye namandla adonsela phansi akhanyayo, angasetshenziswa kumuthi wokuxubha.

②I-calcium hydrogen phosphate (i-calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate CaHPO4·I-2H2O ne-calcium hydrogen phosphate usawoti ongenamanzi i-CaHPO4): I-calcium hydrogen phosphate ihlukaniswe ngama-molecule amabili amanzi, i-dihydrate ne-anhydrous. Usawoti we-dihydrate nezinye izithako zinezinto ezinhle zokuxuba, kepha ngenxa yobulukhuni obuphakeme nokushayisana okuqinile kasawoti ongenamanzi, u-5% kuya ku-10% usawoti ongena-anhydr ungaxubeka emuthini okhethekile wokususa intuthu.

③I-calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7): I-calcium pyrophosphate itholakala ngokwelashwa okushisa okuphezulu kwe-calcium hydrogen phosphate. Ngoba ayiphenduli ngamakhemikhali aqukethe i-fluorine, ingasetshenziswa njengezinto eziyisisekelo zomuthi wokuxubha oqukethe i-fluorine.

④I-Hydrated silicic acid (i-SiO2・nH2O): i-hydrated silicic acid iyinhlayiya emhlophe enhle kakhulu engasetshenziswa kumuthi wokuxubha osobala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yevolumu yayo enkulu ethize, ingasetshenziswa njenge-extender ne-thickener yokuxubha amazinyo.

⑤I-Aluminium hydroxide [A1 (OH) 3]: Izinhlayiya ze-aluminium hydroxide ziqhathaniswa Impela, kepha ngeke ilimaze koqweqwe lwawo, futhi ingakhuphula ukugqama komuthi wokuxubha futhi inamandla amakhulu wokuhlanza amazinyo.

2. I-ejenti yokumanzisa umenzeli wokumanzisa angavimbela umuthi wokuxubha ekuqineni nasekuqiniseni kushubhu, futhi wenze unamathisele ube nokukhazimula neminye imiphumela. Kukhona ama-humectants amaningi asetshenziswa kumuthi wokuxubha njenge-glycerin, propylene glycol, ne-sorbitol.

3. I-Surfactant ukuze kuhlanzwe ukungcola emgodini womlomo, kusetshenziswa i-lauryl sulfonate engathathi hlangothi. Ingagwebu ngokushesha, futhi ikhihlize amagwebu futhi ihlanze ukungcola okusemlonyeni. I-ejenti esebenzayo esetshenziselwa umuthi wokuxubha idinga ubumsulwa obuphezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kwephunga elikhethekile, futhi isilinganiso esijwayelekile ngu-2%.

4. Isibopho Ukuze kwenziwe izithako kumuthi wokuxubha ngokulinganayo zihlakazeke, ama-binders angasetshenziswa, njenge-CMC (i-carboxymethyl cellulose usawoti we-sodium) kanye nezinto ezitholakala kuzo, i-carrageenan, i-sodium alginate nezinye izinto.

5. Izinongo zesinongo esisetshenziselwa umuthi wokuxubha ikakhulukazi i-mint, okuyisithako esisemqoka esinika umuthi wokuxubha umuzwa opholile. I-Mint ihlukaniswe nge-menthol (menthol), uwoyela wepepermint, i-peppermint nezinye izinto, kanye nezinongo ezisuselwa kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka kwezithelo, njengokunambitheka kwe-citrus, kungasetshenziswa, kepha kukhawulwe ngokuqinile njengokunambitheka kwamazinyo.

6. I-sweetener Ukuze uthuthukise ukunambitheka komuthi wokuxubha amazinyo, inani elincane le-saccharin lengezwa kumuthi wokuxubha. Njengoba i-glycerin esetshenziswa njenge-humectant nayo inokunambitheka okumnandi, isilinganiso se-saccharin ngokuvamile si-0.01% kuya ku-0.

7. Ezinye izithako ezikhethekile Ukuze uvikele futhi welaphe izifo zomlomo, ezinye izinto zokuxubha ziyafakwa nezinye izithako ezikhethekile: ①Ukususa ukunuka komlomo, ama-fungicides anjenge-dioxophenylbiguanidyl hexane ne-benzyl alcohol ajwayele ukufakwa kumuthi wokuxubha, i-copper leaf green Acid nayo inomphumela othile ekuvikeleni ukunuka komoya. ② Izinhlanganisela ze-fluorine zingangezwa ukuvimbela ukubola kwamazinyo, okungavimbela ukuvutshelwa kwezinsalela emgodini womlomo futhi kuqinise koqweqwe lwawo ebusweni bamazinyo. Ngokombono wokuphepha, okuqukethwe kwe-fluorine kumuthi wokuxubha kuchazwe ngezansi kwama-micrograms ayi-1000. Kubantu abasebenzisa amanzi emvelo aqukethe i-fluorine, izehlakalo zamazinyo aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, kepha amanzi okuphuza anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fluoride azokwakha indawo enamafu (izinyo elinamabala) ebusweni bezinyo, okuzokwenza izinyo liqhume. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elithile lezivimbelakuvimba liyaye lifakwe kumuthi wokuxubha ukugwema ukonakala kohlaka.